![]() From top level menus, use escape to exit the menu. Within a submenu, use escape to move to top level menu parent. Use up and down or left and right arrow keys to explore within a submenu. Use left and right arrow keys to navigate between menus. These back-to-school designs are in a class of their own. In the 18th century, household jesters declined in western Europe but flourished in Russia, and offending courtiers were sometimes degraded to court jesters.The following menu has 2 levels. William Merritt Chase: 'Keying Up' - The Court Jester Artist artist QS:P170,Q265820 Title 'Keying Up' - The Court Jester. Buy 'Keying Up: The Court Jester' by princedaedalus as a Greeting Card. Fools were attached to courts, private households, taverns, and even brothels. References to household fools appear increasingly in records from the 12th through the 15th century. Fools were a part of many wealthy households of imperial Rome, in which imbecility and deformity fetched high prices in the slave markets. The earliest record of the use of court fools dates from the 5th dynasty of Egypt, whose pharaohs attached great value to Pygmies brought from the mysterious lands to the south, apparently employing them as dancers and buffoons. ![]() A resemblance between the sacrificial garments of ancient ritual and the costume of a household jester in the Middle Ages-coxcomb, eared hood, bells, and bauble, with a motley coat-has been noted. The raillery of the fool and his frequent ritual association with a mock king suggest that he may have originated as a sacrificial scapegoat substituted for a royal victim. Fool figures played a part in the religious rituals of India and pre-Christian Europe, and, in some societies, such as that of Ireland in the 7th century bc, they were regarded as being inspired with poetic and prophetic powers. Often deformed, dwarfed, or crippled, fools may have been kept for luck as well as for amusement, in the belief that deformity can avert the evil eye and that abusive raillery can transfer ill luck from the abused to the abuser. Professional fools flourished from the days of the Egyptian pharaohs until well into the 18th century, finding a place in societies as diverse as that of the Aztecs of Mexico and the courts of medieval Europe. Handmade Oil Painting Reproduction of Keying Up - The Court Jester, Study by William Merritt Chase.
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